Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery
Volume:21 Issue: 2, Autumn-Winter 2024

Pregnancy and childbirth can be considered as an opportunity to expand thoughts or renew feeling on spiritual beliefs. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual health and childbirth experience among Iranian pregnant women.

This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 250 pregnant women referred to the Labor, Delivery and Recovery Room (LDR) of Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol (Eastern Iran) for childbirth. Non-random convenience sampling method was used to collect the samples. Data collection tools included a personal characteristics questionnaire, childbirth experience questionnaire (CEQ), and spiritual health questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using statistical tests, such as Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, and One-Way ANOVA. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.

The results of present study showed that the mean age of pregnant women was 25.66 ± 5.73 years, with their mean score of birth experience being 64.97 ± 4.62 and their mean score of spiritual health being 88.89 ± 7.1. The results also showed a statistically significant relationship between birth experience and spiritual health (R =1, P=0.007).

In this study, as the score of spiritual well-being increased, the score of childbirth experience also increased. Thus, we suggest the findings of this study to be used as a basis for further research in other regions of the country and among a more diverse population of mothers with different backgrounds and cultures.

The phenomenon of rationed nursing care represents a global problem that jeopardizes the provision of quality and safe care. To date, there are a limited number of studies that focus on the occurrence of this phenomenon in the private care setting.

To explore the frequency and patterns of rationed nursing care and the factors that contribute to its frequency in selected private hospitals in Slovakia.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2022 and January 2023. Data collection was carried out using the Basel Extent Rationing of Nursing Care – Revised. The study sample consisted of 174 nurses working in three selected Slovak private hospitals. In data analysis, we used descriptive statistics for the evaluation of the instrument and the sample characteristics. Additionally, differences in the frequency of rationed nursing care based on selected variables were analyzed using nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test; Kruskal-Wallis test). For numerical variables the Spearman correlation coefficient (r) was used. The results were tested at a significance level of p <0.05.

The frequency of rationed nursing care was 49.3%. The most frequently withheld nursing care activity was increased supervision of confused patients and the need for their restraint (69.8%; 2.26 ± 1.09). Differences in the evaluation of rationed nursing care were identified based on the type of unit and the position of the job. The occurrence of rationed nursing care was influenced by nurse experience in the current position, evaluation of quality care, overall patient safety degree, number of patients/shifts, number of admitted ad discharged patients/shifts, job satisfaction, satisfaction with the current position, and satisfaction with teamwork in our study (p <0.05).

This study serves as a catalyst for nurse managers to take proactive steps in addressing rationed nursing care, fostering a culture of safety, and promoting excellence in patient-centered care delivery within private hospital settings in Slovakia. By embracing innovation, collaboration, and a commitment to continuous improvement, we can overcome the challenges posed by rationed care and uphold the principles of quality, safety, and compassion in nursing practice.

Aromatherapy is a modality within the realm of alternative medicine to manage pain and alleviate anxiety in high-stress circumstances. The primary objective of this study was to examine the impact of damask rose on the levels of anxiety and pain experienced by patients under endoscopic lithotripsy.

The present double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at hospitals in Shiraz, Iran, in 2022, involving 120 patients undergoing endoscopic lithotripsy. These patients were randomly allocated into control and intervention groups using a permuted block design. The data collection was done using the Spielberger and the Visual Analog Scale questionnaires at three stages: the baseline period, the pre-operative holding area, and six hours following the surgical procedure. The intervention group was exposed to a cotton swab infused with three drops of damask rose for a duration of 30 minutes. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, repeated measure analysis of variance, and pairwise comparisons utilizing the Bonferroni post hoc test.

The mean levels of overt anxiety in the intervention group during the first and second phases of the intervention were 46.17±7.18 (P<0.001) and 46.32±3.24 (P=0.021). Furthermore, the mean covert anxiety levels in the intervention group throughout the first and second phases were found to be 45.10±7.83 (P=0.003) and 45.87±3.59 (P<0.001). The intervention group exhibited a mean pain level of 5.7±1.01 during the initial phase and 2.53±0.81 throughout the second phase (P<0.001).

The findings of this study indicated that rose aromatherapy reduced both overt and covert anxiety levels, as well as the pain experienced by patients both pre- and post-endoscopic lithotripsy.

Labor pain and perineal trauma are the most common complications during childbirth and negatively impact a woman’s physical and emotional well-being. The World Health Organization recommends using warm compresses during the second stage of labor to mitigate perineal injuries. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of this intervention to guide informed clinical decisions.

Searches were conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect from inception up to the present day (as of July 2023) for randomized and quasi-experimental trials in English, focusing on vaginal births using warm compresses and measuring outcomes related to pain and perineal trauma. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, and biases were assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.

The search strategy identified a total of 75 articles, of which 13 were included in the review. In most studies, pain scores in the warm group were significantly lower than in the control group. Warm compress intervention was also associated with lower rates of perineal laceration and a higher rate of intact perineum. Results in suturing-required perineal injuries, severity of perineal trauma, or episiotomy were mixed.

It is suggested that the application of warm compresses during the second stage of labor has been shown to be an effective method for reducing labor pain and perineal trauma that does not require suturing. Due to the mixed results found, considerations should be made before applying this intervention for the purpose of reducing perineal tears or episiotomies during labor.

Depression and anxiety are the most frequent and devastating mental diseases among older adults. Several variables are identified as contributing to the development of these illnesses. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and their related factors in older individuals residing in Ardakan.

The current cross-sectional study was based on the data obtained from the first phase of the Ardakan aging cohort of 5176 older adults. Depression and anxiety were evaluated using CESD-10 and HADS-A scales, respectively. Moreover, the relationships between these outcomes and the related factors were evaluated using the logistic and linear regression.

The prevalence of depression and anxiety was estimated to be about 17% and12%, respectively. Poor perception of health) OR=2.29, CI95% 1.79 to 2.93), Low perceived economic status (OR=2.11, CI95% 1.71 to 2.60), Receiving care (OR=1.66, CI95% 1.39 to 1.97), affecting by neurological disease (OR=1.37, CI95% 1.11 to 1.69), Gastrointestinal diseases (OR=1.48, CI95% 1.23 to 1.77) were significantly associated with the presence of depression. Female gender, Poor perception of health and economic status, receiving, and providing care, and suffering from neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases were related to higher anxiety scores.

The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the participants was relatively significant, and these variables were significantly correlated with several factors, including health and economic status and receiving/providing care. These findings highlight the significance of taking into account several socio-economic, health-related, and gender-specific aspects when dealing with mental health disorders including depression and anxiety in this particular age demographic. By identifying the risk factors, healthcare professionals can better target interventions and support systems to manage and mitigate the effect of these mental health disorders.

The Pregnant Mother Game application is designed to enhance midwifery services, particularly for online antenatal classes. It is developed by experts in learning media and presented in a game format. The objectives of this research are to develop apps for antenatal classes and to assess how well these applications increase mothers' knowledge.

It is a level 3 Research and Development, which is developing and refining products. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Limited trials of the application, which is downloadable on Android devices, were carried out with 10 first-time pregnant women in Cirebon City, Indonesia. Data collection tools included a questionnaire for experts and mothers. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 16, with univariate analysis employing a frequency distribution and bivariate analysis utilizing the Wilcoxon test. The significance level was set at 0.05, with a 95% confidence interval.

The material experts’ qualifying test yielded a score of 85% (very decent), and the media members' score was 84.4% (very decent). There was a 50% increase in the mean knowledge value. The pretest score ranged between 10 and 25, while the posttest score ranged between 25 and 29. The use of the application was correlated with increased knowledge score, and the correlation coefficient was significant at 0.05.

The program can be used as an effective technology medium for conducting online classes for mothers. The mothers’ knowledge significantly improved after taking online classes with the application.

Diagnostic thinking and clinical competence are the two main domains of efficient nursing care. This study assessed the association between diagnostic thinking and clinical competence among emergency nurses.

The present correlation study was conducted in 2020 on 113 nurses working in emergency departments in a northwestern province of Iran over two consecutive years. A stratified random sampling method was used for recruiting nurses. Data was gathered via a demographic questionnaire, the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory, and the Nurse Competence Scale and analyzed using the SPSS 18 software. Pearson's correlation assessed the association between the nurses' diagnostic thinking and clinical competence at a significance level of 0.05.

According to the findings, the nurses’ diagnostic thinking abilities were poor (154.15 ±15.73, range of 150-155), while their clinical competence was good (61.62±18.97, range of 51-75). Significant correlations emerged between thinking flexibility, work role (r=0.22, p=0.017), and memory structure. In addition, thinking flexibility was significantly associated with work role (r=0.22, P=0.017), and memory structure was correlated with teaching-coaching function (r=0.22, P=0.015), diagnostic functions (r=0.25, P=0.006), management of situations (r=0.45, P=0.0001), therapeutic interventions (r=0.42, P=0.0001), regimens (r=0.18, P=0.056), and work role (r=0.4, P=0.0001).

Amplifying thinking procedures and using diagnostic thinking patterns enhance emergency nurses' practice, performance, and clinical competence and promote nursing care. Lecturers and planners must employ modern educational methods to increase nurses' thinking skills and clinical competence.

Proficiency in physical examination is a crucial aspect of the nursing process. Enhancing this skill in nursing students will improve the quality of future nursing care. However, as technology evolves, new educational methods are required to keep pace. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of the flipped classroom method on nursing students’ physical examination skills.

This quasi-experimental, non-randomized study used a control group and a posttest-only design. The study was conducted at the Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Eastern Iran, in 2023. A total of 77 nursing students were selected using a census method. The intervention group received training using the flipped classroom method, while the control group followed the routine method (lectures and practice on simulators). After the intervention, the physical examination skills of both groups were evaluated using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, two-way analysis of variance, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and the Point-Biserial correlation coefficient test.

The mean score of physical examination skills was 14.0±1.56 in the control group and 18.6±1.29 in the intervention group. The Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of physical examination skills between the two groups (p=0.0001).

The higher mean score of physical examination skills in the intervention group compared to the control group suggests that the flipped classroom method is effective in modern nursing education.

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia, often marked by noticeable cognitive decline without significant interference in daily activities. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of MCI among older adults in urban and rural areas of Kermanshah City.

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 506 older adults recruited from urban and rural areas using a cluster random sampling method. The participants completed assessments of cognitive function, social relationships, stress management, and socio-demographic factors. Logistic regression analyses and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to examine the associations between these factors and MCI using SPSS version 25.

The prevalence of MCI was 21.9% overall, with a higher prevalence in rural areas. In both areas, social relationships (urban: p = 0.001; rural: p = 0.04) and age (urban: p = 0.001; rural: p = 0.013) were significantly associated with MCI. In the rural elderly, education (p = 0.02) and economic situation (p = 0.012) were significant predictors, while in urban areas, gender (p = 0.002) and stress management (p = 0.001) were key determinants.

This study highlights the importance of considering psychosocial factors, such as social relationships and stress management, in understanding cognitive health among older adults. Targeted interventions are needed to address the higher prevalence of MCI in rural areas. Further research should explore strategies to improve cognitive health in aging rural and urban populations.